Monday 4 March 2024

SOVIET DPP40 AIRBORNE PONTOON SYSTEM - Part One



The air-deployed DPP-40 pontoon park is designed to install floating bridges over waterways, with a capacity of 40 tons, or the organization of ferry crossings (dividing into 8 40-ton or 16 20-ton ferries. The maximum permissible river speed is up to 2 meters second. Minimum fording depth - 1 meters. The park was adopted by the Soviet Army in the 1970's for use in the VDV. It was expected one of those would be issued per engineering battalion of a VDV division (in its pontoon company), and 4 additional kits would be issued to a separate pontoon/bridging airborne battalion.

From what I find the VDV 118th Engineering Regiment was issued with a DPP-40. There are also mentions of the 1377th Separate Pontoon Bridging Battalion being issued with a DPP-40.

The main difference between the DPP-40 and other pontoon parks consisted of the fact it could be transported by AN-12, AN-22, and Il-76 transports, and could be either landed or air-dropped. Each AN-12 could carry two pontoon trucks laden with pontoon links.

The main element of the park is the pontoon link, consisting of the middle pontoon and two unfolding side pontoons. The middle pontoon consists of a hermetically-sealed metallic box, and the other two are divided lengthwize into two parts. The internal half is hermetically sealed, and the external one is a container for an inflatable floating device.
  Two pontoon links linked together form a bridge ferry. On the junction of the links a "Vikhr" [Whirlwind] outboard motor is attached. These power the bridge ferry. The kit comes with 16 of these motors, one for every bridge-ferry [2 links]. The folded link fits in a specially-prepared GAZ-66. The link is normally deployed by being dropped into the water unfolded. For this purpose the vehicle approaches the water in reverse, uses its winch to unfold the side pontoons and a dedicated air pump to fill the floaters. After the floaters are filled with air, the link takes up the shape shown in the image. The GAZ-66 retreats until the water covers the hub of the rear wheel - i.e. the depth at the drop location is about 0.5 meters. The crew fixes the side pontoons in place and lets the link fall into the water. If there is not the space to unfold the pontoon, it can be thrown in without the floaters inflated, and the floaters can be inflated on the water using a long hose from the automobile.

Every bridge-ferry is manned by two pontooners and two drivers. After the GAZ-66 is no longer needed, the drivers take their trucks into shelter, and further work is done by the pontooners.

When building a bridge, the ferries can be linked into a single ribbon, which is unfolded using the outboard motors, finally linking the shores. The bridge's usable part is 4.2 metres wide - standard for military bridges on hard bases. Tracked vehicles can move on the bridge at 10-12 kph, 20 metres apart. Wheeled vehicles can move 20 kph on the bridge. No vehicle may depart by more than 45cm from the bridge axis, which is especially important for heavy vehicles. The kit can also be made into 8 40-ton or 16 20-ton ferries, which use the "Vikhr" outboard motors to move. 

When a DPP-40 is transported, an AN-12 is filled with two pontoon links and their GAZ-66 trucks. Transporting the full kit requires 17 aircraft journeys. When paradropping, each GAZ-66 and its link are placed on a PP-128-5000 air-dropping platform, and then loaded onto the aircraft. The crew airdrop separately.

The kit consisted of 32 GAZ-66 trucks and their links, 1 auxiliary GAZ-66 with extra gear, and 16 outboard motors. A pontooner company of 80-90 men is required to operate the kit.



 
After a bit of searching on the internet I was delighted to find a free 3D stl file for the complete DPP-40 System and fellow Cold War Commander Andrew C very kindly offered to print them for me. Initially we've started with just the pontoons with plans to add the GAZ-66 variants in the future. More on that in Part Two. As always thanks for looking.